Експериментальне визначення первинних параметрів ліній електропередач

Abstract

В статье предложен способэкспериментального определения первичных парамет-ров линий электропередач. Основой метода является математические модели линии с распределен-ными параметрами. Параметры определяются с использованием самых распространенных измери-тельных приборов -амперметра, вольтметра и фазометра. Предложенный методиспользовать для всех типов линий электропередач. Выполнена экспериментальная проверка найденных первичных параметров.

The article describes the method of experimental determination of the primary constants of the lines of transmission of electrical energy. Analysis of the problem on the basisof modern scientific publica-tions has been performed. It is shown that the experiment is the only reliable way to determine the constants. The use of mathematical models of field theory is impossible, since the magnetic and dielectric constant of line materials are never known for sure. The proposed method is based on accurate mathematical models of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in lines with distributed parameters. Mathematical models for a shielded line with one wire and with two wires are used. Mathematical models are obtained on the basis of Kirchhoff's laws for lines with distributed parameters and are accurate. To perform the measurements, only the simplest measuring devices are used —an ammeter, a voltmeter, and a phase difference meter. An oscil-loscope can be used as a phase difference meter. The experimental data for stranded armored cable are giv-en. Based on these data, the calculation of the primary constants. Verification of the primary constants ob-tained from the experiment was performed. Forverification, the substitution of constants into a mathemati-cal model of the propagation of electromagnetic signals in lines with equal parameters was used. According to this model, voltages and currents are calculated at the beginning and at the end of the cable. Comparison of the obtained data with experimental data. The error in determining the constants was no more than 5%. The accuracy achieved issufficient for most practical cases and can be improved by increasing the meas-urement accuracy. The proposed method for determining the primary constants is universal and can be ap-plied to all types of transmission lines of electrical energy. The article identifies possible areas for further research.81

В статті запропонованоспосібекспериментального визначення первинних парамет-рів ліній електропередач.Основою методу єматематичнімоделілініїз розподіленими параметра-ми. Параметри визначаються звикористаннямнайпоширенішихвимірювальних приладів–ампер-метра, вольтметра та фазометра. Запропонований метод можна використовувати усіх типівліній електропередач.Виконано експериментальну перевірку знайдених первинних параметрів.