Теоретические проблемы комбинаторики

Abstract

The article considers the theoretical aspect of one of the most important linguistic problems – combinatorics. This area of linguistics was chosen because the results of scientific research are in demand not only for the science of language but also necessary for methodological purpose, namely the English teaching lexicography resources used in instructional process. Thus, the theoretical base presented in the given article can be useful for both scientific and applied tasks. The analysis of different approaches and ideas of linguists who dealt with combinatorics is described. The main contradictions which are observed in studying the scientific literature concern the absence of systemized terminology denoting the combinatorics notions. That is why different positions are explained with arbitrary terms invented by the authors of this or that combinatorics theory. In the article the dichotomy “language and speech” is introduced first of all and a clear separation of combinatorics sides belonging to these two aspects are distinguished. So, the side of combinatorics which defines the potential possibilities of any language unit is referred to the language and is contingently called “valence”. And the one denoting the actualization of these possibilities of the same language unit in speech is referred to speech and is named “combinability” The combination of both of these two sides creates combinatorics. Combinability and valence presenting two totally different parts of one and the same phenomenon cannot be mixed and equaled as it is seen in a lot of research works. The basic characteristics of combinatorics are various types of links – semantic, lexical (including stylistic), syntactic, morphological, phonetic.