ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПЕРВИННИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ЛІНІЙ ЕЛЕКТРОПЕРЕДАЧ

Abstract

В статті запропоновано спосіб експериментального визначення первинних параметрів ліній електропередач. Основою методу є математичні моделі лінії з розподіленими параметрами. Параметри визначаються з використанням найпоширеніших вимірювальних приладів – амперметра, вольтметра та фазометра. Запропонований метод можна використовувати усіх типів ліній електропередач. Виконано експериментальну перевірку знайдених первинних параметрів.

The article describes the method of experimental determination of the primary constants of the lines of transmission of electrical energy. Analysis of the problem on the basis of modern scientific publications has been performed. It is shown that the experiment is the only reliable way to determine the constants. The use of mathematical models of field theory is impossible, since the magnetic and dielectric constant of line materials are never known for sure. The proposed method is based on accurate mathematical models of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in lines with distributed parameters. Mathematical models for a shielded line with one wire and with two wires are used. Mathematical models are obtained on the basis of Kirchhoff's laws for lines with distributed parameters and are accurate. To perform the measurements, only the simplest measuring devices are used — an ammeter, a voltmeter, and a phase difference meter. An oscilloscope can be used as a phase difference meter. The experimental data for stranded armored cable are given. Based on these data, the calculation of the primary constants. Verification of the primary constants obtained from the experiment was performed. For verification, the substitution of constants into a mathematical model of the propagation of electromagnetic signals in lines with equal parameters was used. According to this model, voltages and currents are calculated at the beginning and at the end of the cable. Comparison of the obtained data with experimental data. The error in determining the constants was no more than 5%. The accuracy achieved is sufficient for most practical cases and can be improved by increasing the measurement accuracy. The proposed method for determining the primary constants is universal and can be applied to all types of transmission lines of electrical energy. The article identifies possible areas for further research.

В статье предложен способ экспериментального определения первичных параметров линий электропередач. Основой метода является математические модели линии с распределенными параметрами. Параметры определяются с использованием самых распространенных измерительных приборов - амперметра, вольтметра и фазометра. Предложенный метод использовать для всех типов линий электропередач. Выполнена экспериментальная проверка найденных первичных параметров